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Mzere Wokhazikika & Magawo

Mzere wosasunthika ndi mtundu wa chingwe chamagetsi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza ma siginecha akutali kwambiri. Amapangidwa ndi core conductor, insulator, ndi sheath yakunja yoteteza. Kondakitala wapakati nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mkuwa ndipo amazunguliridwa ndi dielectric insulator, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi polymer kapena fiberglass. Chophimbacho nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zachitsulo, monga aluminiyamu kapena chitsulo, zomwe zimapereka chitetezo chamagetsi ndi chitetezo ku chilengedwe. Rmizere ya igid ndiyofunikira chifukwa imatha kutumiza ma siginecha molondola komanso moyenera kuposa zingwe zachikhalidwe. Amakhalanso osamva kutayika kwa ma sign chifukwa cha kusokonezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma akunja. Izi ndichifukwa choti mawonekedwe olimba amalepheretsa chizindikiro kuti chisasokonezedwe kapena kuchepetsedwa ndi magwero akunja. Kuonjezera apo, mizere yolimba imakhala yosagonjetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa thupi chifukwa cha nyengo ndi zina zachilengedwe.

Kodi mizere yolimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?
mizere yolimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza kufalitsa mphamvu, kutumiza ma data, kulumikizana ndi ma microwave, ndi zina zambiri. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndizotumiza mphamvu, kutumiza ma data, ndi kulumikizana kwa RF (Radio Frequency). Potumiza magetsi, mizere yolimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutumiza magetsi kuchokera kumalo amodzi kupita ku ena. Izi zikuphatikizapo zingwe zamagetsi, malo ocheperako, ndi maukonde ogawa. Pakutumiza kwa data, mizere yolimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutumiza ma siginecha monga intaneti ndi ma siginecha amawu. Pomaliza, mukulankhulana kwa RF, mizere yolimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa ma radiation a electromagnetic kapena mafunde a wailesi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nsanja zowulutsira, nsanja zama cell, ndi njira zina zolumikizirana opanda zingwe.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito molondola mzere wokhazikika pakuwulutsa?
Njira zogwiritsira ntchito mizere yolimba pawayilesi:

1. Sankhani mtundu woyenera wa mzere wowulutsira, kutengera mphamvu ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa siteshoni.

2. Onetsetsani kuti mzerewo ukuyenda molunjika ndipo sunapindike kapena kupindika.

3. Ikani mzerewu m'njira yochepetsera kutsitsa kwa mphepo ndi ayezi.

4. Lumikizani mzere ku mlongoti ndi potumiza ndi zolumikizira zolondola.

5. Yang'anirani mzere nthawi zonse kuti muwonetsetse kuti ili bwino komanso kuti palibe zizindikiro zowonongeka.

Mavuto oyenera kupewa:

1. Pewani kinks kapena kupindika pamzere, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa ntchito.

2. Pewani kuyendetsa chingwecho pafupi kwambiri ndi malo ena osokoneza, monga zingwe zamagetsi.

3. Pewani kuyendetsa mzere pafupi kwambiri ndi pansi, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kutayika kwa nthaka.

4. Pewani kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zodutsa pamzere, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kutentha ndi kuwonongeka.
Nchiyani chimatsimikizira magwiridwe antchito a mzere wokhazikika ndipo chifukwa chiyani?
Kuchita kwa mzere wokhazikika kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe a zida zake, monga momwe magetsi amayendera, dielectric constant, ndi inductance. Makhalidwewa ndi ofunikira chifukwa amakhudza luso la chingwe chotumizira mauthenga kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kumalo ena popanda kusokoneza kapena kusokoneza. Kuonjezera apo, mawonekedwe a thupi la mzere wopatsirana amakhudzanso ntchito yake, monga kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka, kutalika kwa mzere, ndi kusiyana pakati pa kutembenuka.
Kodi mzere wokhazikika uli ndi chiyani?
Mzere wokhazikika umakhala ndi zigawo zingapo, zigawo ndi zowonjezera. Zigawo zazikuluzikulu zikuphatikizapo kondakitala wotumizira, zotetezera, waya wapansi, ndi chishango chachitsulo.

Kondakitala ndiye gawo lalikulu la mzere wokhazikika ndipo ali ndi udindo wonyamula wapano. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mkuwa, aluminiyamu kapena zinthu zina zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Dipo la kondakitala ndi geji yoyezera waya ziyenera kusankhidwa mosamala kuti zitsimikizire kuti zitha kufalitsa voteji yofunikira komanso yapano.

Ma insulators amagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira magetsi pakati pa kondakitala ndi waya wapansi. Ma insulators nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi ceramic, labala, pulasitiki kapena zinthu zina zosayendetsa.

Waya wapansi umagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka njira yoti madziwo abwerere kugwero. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mkuwa, aluminiyamu kapena zinthu zina zochititsa chidwi kwambiri.

Chishango chachitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza chingwe chotchingira chotchinga kuti chisasokonezedwe ndi ma elekitiroma. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu kapena zitsulo zina zokhala ndi permeability kwambiri.

Posankha zigawo za mzere wokhazikika, ndikofunika kulingalira za magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito ndi zamakono, mafupipafupi, ndi kutentha. Kuphatikiza apo, zigawozi ziyenera kusankhidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimagwirizana, komanso kuti chingwe chopatsirana chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zamagetsi ndi zamakina.
Kodi pali mitundu ingati ya mizere yolimba?
Pali mitundu iwiri ya mizere yolimba: zingwe za coaxial ndi ma waveguides. Zingwe za coaxial zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula ma siginecha amagetsi apamwamba kwambiri, pomwe ma waveguide amapangidwa kuti azinyamula mphamvu yamagetsi pamawayilesi. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi ndikuti zingwe za coaxial zimakhala ndi chowongolera chamkati chozunguliridwa ndi woyendetsa wakunja, pomwe ma waveguides ali ndi chowongolera chamkati chozunguliridwa ndi zida za dielectric, monga galasi kapena pulasitiki. Kuphatikiza apo, ma waveguide nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu ndipo amatha kunyamula mphamvu zambiri kuposa zingwe za coaxial.
Momwe mungasankhire mzere wabwino kwambiri wokhazikika?
Posankha chingwe chabwino kwambiri cha wayilesi yowulutsira, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi ma frequency a wayilesi, mtundu wa tinyanga ndi malo akumaloko. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuyang'ananso zomwe wopanga akupanga panjira yotumizira ndi zitsimikizo zomwe zilipo, komanso mtengo wonse ndi malingaliro oyika.
Momwe mungalumikizire mzere wokhazikika pamalo opatsira?
Kuti mulumikize molondola chingwe cholimba pawailesi yowulutsira, muyenera kuyamba ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chingwe chotumiziracho chakhazikika bwino. Kenako, muyenera kulumikiza chingwe chotumizira ndi mlongoti wa wayilesi. Muyeneranso kuyang'ana kuti muwonetsetse kuti mzerewo ukugwirizana bwino ndi dongosolo la mlongoti. Pomaliza, muyenera kulumikiza chingwe cholumikizira ku chokulitsa mphamvu ndikusintha chowulutsira chawayilesi kuti chikhale cholondola.
Mfundo zofunika kwambiri za mzere wokhazikika ndi ziti?
Zofunikira kwambiri zakuthupi ndi za RF za mzere wokhazikika ndi: kulepheretsa, kutalika kwa magetsi, kutayika kwa kuyika, ndi kutayika kobwerera. Makhalidwe ena oti muwaganizire ndi monga kuchuluka kwa kutentha, kuchuluka kwa kutentha, kuchuluka kwa ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito, komanso kuchuluka kwa ma voltage Stand wave ratio (VSWR).
Momwe mungasungire chingwe chokhazikika pamalo opatsira?
Kuti mukonzere mzere wokhazikika watsiku ndi tsiku pawayilesi ngati mainjiniya, muyenera kuyamba ndikuyang'ana mzere wokhazikika kuti muwone ngati pali kuwonongeka, dzimbiri, kapena kuwonongeka. Muyeneranso kuwonetsetsa kuti zolumikizira zonse zakhazikika bwino ndipo zomangira zonse ndi zotetezeka. Mukayang'ana chingwecho, muyenera kuyang'ana chingwe chotumizira kuti muwone kusintha kulikonse kwa magawo amagetsi monga mphamvu yolowetsa, VSWR, ndi kutayika kobwerera. Pomaliza, muyenera kutsimikizira mawonekedwe a ma radiation a antenna kuti muwonetsetse kuti akugwirizana bwino ndikugwira ntchito molingana ndi zomwe mukufuna.
Momwe mungakonzere mzere wokhazikika ngati ukulephera kugwira ntchito?
1. Yang'anani chingwe chopatsira kuti muwone ngati zawonongeka kapena zatha. Yang'anani mbali zilizonse zosweka kapena zotayika, mawaya ophwanyika, kapena zolumikizira zopindika.

2. Bwezerani zigawo zilizonse zothyoka kapena zotha ndi zatsopano. Onetsetsani kuti zigawo zatsopano ndizofanana kukula ndi mawonekedwe ngati akale.

3. Tsukani chingwe chotumizira ndi degreaser ndi nsalu yofewa.

4. Sonkhanitsaninso mzere wotumizira, kuonetsetsa kuti mbali zonse zatsekedwa bwino.

5. Yesani chingwe chotumizira kuti muwonetsetse kuti chikuyenda bwino.

6. Ngati chingwe chopatsirana sichikugwira ntchito, yang'anani zovuta zina zoonjezera monga kutuluka kwa mpweya kapena kufupikitsa mu mzere. Bwezerani zina zowonjezera ngati pakufunika.
Ndi zolumikizira zamtundu wanji zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chingwe cholimba?
Mitundu ya zolumikizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamizere yolimba yotumizira imaphatikizapo zolumikizira zopindika komanso zogulitsidwa. Zolumikizira za Crimp-on nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mkuwa kapena aluminiyamu ndipo zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito chida cha crimping kukanikizira cholumikizira pamzere. Zolumikizira zogulitsira nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mkuwa kapena malata ndipo zimafunikira chitsulo cholumikizira ndi solder kuti amangirire cholumikizira pamzere. Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma crimp-on ndi zolumikizira zogulitsidwa zomwe zilipo, kuphatikiza zolumikizira zolumikizira, zolumikizira zopindika, zolumikizira zopalira, ndi zolumikizira matako. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi ubwino wake ndi zovuta zake. Chiwerengero cha mitundu ya cholumikizira chamtundu uliwonse chimadalira pakugwiritsa ntchito komanso zofunikira.

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