Mndandandawu uli ndi ma transmitters otsika mtengo a FM ochokera Ma transmitter amphamvu otsika a FM mpaka 100W, Ma transmitter apakati amphamvu a FM kuchokera 100W mpaka 1000W, Ma transmitter amphamvu kwambiri a FM mpaka 10 kW. Amagwira ntchito ngati imodzi mwazotsatira zapagulu la FMUSER. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamawayilesi amawayilesi ambiri a FM, mwachitsanzo, matchalitchi oyendetsa-m'malo owonetsera, mawayilesi ammudzi, mawayilesi amtawuni, ndi zina zambiri, amapezekanso m'mabungwe ndi magulu, mabungwe owongolera, zipatala, masewera. makampani, mayiko makampani, etc. Pamene tikulemeretsa pang'onopang'ono zomwe zidapezeka popanga ndi kugulitsa ma transmitters a FM, mutha kulumikizana nafe ndikutiwonetsa zomwe mukufuna ku gulu lathu la akatswiri a RF. Timavomereza ntchito zamtundu wa ma transmitter, logo yamtundu, casing ndi ntchito zina za wailesi ya FM. Timaperekanso chithandizo chaukadaulo malinga ndi zosowa zanu. Nkhani yabwino ngati muli kale, kapena mukupita kukakhala wotsatsa pawayilesi!

Ma FM Radio Transmitters: Mawu Oyamba kuchokera ku FMUSER

Nthawi zambiri, ma transmitter a FM ndiye chidule cha ma transmitter a FM, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kufalitsa mawu ndi nyimbo zamawayilesi a FM opanda zingwe. Monga chida chosavuta cholumikizirana, cholumikizira cha FM ndichotchuka kwambiri chifukwa chimatha kulumikizana bwino ndi mafoni popanda kuthandizidwa ndi wayilesi.

Ma transmitter a FM amayamba amasinthira siginecha yamawu ndi chonyamulira chokwera kwambiri kukhala mafunde a FM, kotero kuti ma frequency a chonyamulira chokwera kwambiri asinthe ndi siginecha yomvera, kenako amakulitsa, kusangalala, ndikufananiza chokulitsa mphamvu ndi mndandanda wa kulepheretsa chizindikiro chopangidwa ndi ma frequency apamwamba, kotero kuti Chizindikirocho chimatuluka ku mlongoti ndikutumizidwa kunja. Chizindikiro chokwera kwambiri chimapangidwa ndi ma frequency synthesis, PLL, etc.

Mawayilesi wamba wamba wa FM ndi 88-108MHZ, ndipo amasukulu ndi 76-87MHZ ndi 70-90MHZ.

Wailesi iliyonse ya FM, posatengera kukula kwake (wailesi yadziko lonse, wayilesi yakuchigawo, wayilesi yamatauni, wayilesi yachigawo, wayilesi yakutawuni, wayilesi yakumidzi, wayilesi yamasukulu, wayilesi yamabizinesi, wayilesi yankhondo, ndi zina zambiri.) , Zonse zidzapangidwa ndi zida zowongolera mawayilesi, zida zotumizira, ma transmitter a FM ndi ma antenna feeder.

Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu zama transmitters a FM ndi 1W, 5W, 10W, 30W, 50W, 100W, 300W, 500W, 1000W, 3KW, 5KW, 10KW. Ma transmitters apadera amphamvu a FM amathanso kusinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni.

Kodi FM Radio Transmitter Imagwira Ntchito Motani?

Nthawi zambiri, ma transmitter amakhala ndi magawo atatu: gawo lalikulu kwambiri, gawo lotsika komanso gawo lamagetsi. Gawo lokwera kwambiri nthawi zambiri limaphatikizapo oscillator, buffer amplifier, frequency multiplier, intermediate amplifier, power amplifier booster stage and final power amplifier. Ntchito ya oscillator yayikulu ndikupanga mafunde onyamula ndi ma frequency okhazikika. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwafupipafupi, gawo lalikulu la oscillator nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito quartz crystal oscillator, ndipo siteji ya buffer imawonjezeredwa kumbuyo kwake kuti ifooketse chikoka cha siteji yotsiriza pa oscillator yaikulu. Gawo lotsika kwambiri limaphatikizapo maikolofoni, siteji yamagetsi yamagetsi yotsika kwambiri, gawo lokulitsa mphamvu zochepetsera mphamvu komanso gawo lomaliza lokulitsa mphamvu. Chizindikiro chotsika kwambiri chimakulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono kuti apeze mulingo wofunikira wamagetsi pamagetsi omaliza amplifier, kuti azitha kuwongolera chowonjezera champhamvu chomaliza. Chifukwa chake, gawo lomaliza lokulitsa mphamvu zotsika pafupipafupi limatchedwanso modulator. Kusinthasintha ndi njira yokwezera chidziwitsocho kuti chitumizidwe pa siginecha inayake yapamwamba kwambiri (yonyamula ma frequency). Chifukwa chake, gawo lomaliza lamphamvu lamagetsi amplifier limakhala amplifier yoyendetsedwa.

Kodi Wotumiza Wailesi ya FM Adzafika Pati?

Makasitomala ena nthawi zambiri amatifunsa chidziwitso cha zida zamawayilesi, monga "Kodi mungamangire bwanji wayilesi yathunthu pamtengo wotsika?", Kapena "Momwe mungasankhire antenna ya dipole ya ma transmitter anga apamwamba a FM? 6-bay dipole antenna kapena 8 bays?", ndi zina zotero. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ali ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri zamtundu wa wailesi ya FM ndipo afunsa mafunso okhudzana ndi mainjiniya athu a RF. Ndipo zotsatirazi ndi gawo la Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi pamtundu wa ma transmitter a FM ndi gawo lofananira.

Zinthu Zoyenera Kudziwa Patsogolo

1. Mawayilesi owulutsa opanda zingwe akuyenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili komweko. Kwa malo otseguka, mtunda wotumizira m'malo afulati ndi wautali, ndipo mtunda wotumizira kumadera amapiri ndi mapiri udzachepa.
2. Mfundo yosankhidwa ya mphamvu ya transmitter: mtunda kuchokera kumalo otumizira kupita kumtunda, kuchuluka kwa zopinga zozungulira, komanso ngati kutalika kwa mlongoti ndiye malo okwera kwambiri m'madera ozungulira.
3. Chifukwa cha kutalika kwa mlongoti, kutayika kwa chingwe cha RF kumakhala kochepa, ndipo mlongoti ukhoza kugwira ntchito bwino panthawiyi, choncho ganizirani za malonda pakati pa kutalika kwa mlongoti ndi chiwerengero cha zingwe za RF zofunika.
4. Mukatha kusonkhanitsa zida zoulutsira mawu, chonde onetsetsani kuti mwatsata malamulo aboma pawailesi yakumaloko pa kutalika kwa tinyanga kuti mupewe zilango (m'madera ena, zilango za kutalika kosayenera kwa mlongoti ndizolemera kwambiri).

Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri kuchokera kwa makasitomala athu:

• Kodi wailesi ya 1-watt imatha bwanji kufalitsa?
• Kodi 1 watt FM transmitter idzafika pati?
• Kodi chowulutsira cha 5-watt FM chidzafika pati?
• Kodi ma transmitter a 15w FM ndi ati?
• Kodi 15w FM transmitter iwulutsa mpaka pati?
• Kodi ma 15W FM transmitter ndi otani
• Kodi tchati chamtundu wa ma transmitter a FM ndi chiyani?
• Kodi 100 watt FM transmitter idzafika pati?
• Kodi 5000 watt FM transmitter idzafika pati?
• Kodi wayilesi ya 50000 watt FM imatha kufika pati?
• Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa ma transmitter a FM / chowerengera chamtundu wa FM?

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, makasitomala athu akafuna kudziwa momwe mawayilesi amawulutsira pawailesi yathu, timaneneratu nthawi zonse kuti: "Simungakhale ndi nambala yolondola ya ma transmitter a FM (mosasamala kanthu za mphamvu kapena mtundu), pokhapokha ngati muli mu labotale! "Chifukwa chomwe titha kufotokozera izi kwa makasitomala athu ndikuti malinga ndi zomwe gulu lathu la akatswiri a RF likuwona, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kuwulutsa kwa ma transmitter. Mphamvu yamagetsi yothandiza (ERP) ndi kutalika kwa malo a antenna pamwamba pa mtunda wapakati (HAAT), ndi zosiyana zina zambiri ndizofunikira zomwe tiyenera kuziganizira.

Chifukwa chake, pofuna kukhutiritsa makasitomala athu ndi mayankho enieni ndikuthandizira kuthana ndi zovuta zenizeni, mainjiniya athu a RF ndi gulu lazamalonda nthawi zambiri amapereka manambala enieni. Mwachitsanzo, kwa makasitomala omwe amafunsa za kufalikira kwa ma transmitter otsika mphamvu, nthawi zambiri timati: "15W FM transmitter imatha kubisala mpaka 3km, pomwe 25W FM transmitter imatha mpaka 5km. ngati 10km kapena 20km, muyenera kusankha chowulutsa cha 150W kapena 350W FM chifukwa ndiambiri pakufalitsa mphamvu "

The FM Radio Transmitter Coverage Reference Table ndi motere:

Nthawi zambiri, mtunda wotumizira ma transmitter a FM umagwirizana ndi mphamvu yotumizira, kutalika kwa mlongoti wotumizira, komanso malo opatsirana kwanuko (malo). Mawonekedwe a transmitter omwe ali pansi pa 50W ali mkati mwa makilomita 10, ndipo ma transmitter a FM a 3KW amatha kufika ku 60KM.

Wailesi yomwe ili ndi malo ofikira ambiri imafunikira chowulutsira cha FM chokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotumizira komanso mlongoti wopeza bwino kwambiri ndipo imayikidwa pamalo okwera pamwamba pa nthaka; pomwe wayilesi yokhala ndi malo ocheperako imafunikira chowulutsira cha FM chokhala ndi mphamvu yaying'ono yotumizira ndi mlongoti wokhala ndi phindu loyenera ndikukhazikika pamtunda woyenera.

Komabe, kwa ena ongoyamba kumene pawailesi, ziwerengero zolondola izi zitha kuyambitsa kusamvana kosafunikira ndikukankhira pazinthu zoganiza zomwe zingakhudze kuwulutsa kwa wailesi ya FM. Ngakhale mayankho ofananirawa ndi opambana, timafotokozerabe mwachidule zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zitha kudziwa kufalikira (zomwe zikutanthauza kutalika komwe angapite) kwa ma transmitter a FM:

Mphamvu ya Transmitter Output Power (TPO)

TPO imafupikitsidwa kuchokera ku "Transmitter Power Output" panjira yolumikizirana opanda zingwe, imatanthawuza mphamvu yotulutsa yomwe imapangidwa ndi ma transmitter, mutauzidwa kuti "Iyi ndiye ma transmitter athu ogulitsa kwambiri a 5kW FM", ndiye "5kW" nthawi zonse imawoneka ngati mphamvu ya ERP (Effective Radiated Power) m'malo mwa mphamvu yeniyeni ya transmitter. TOP imalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi mtengo, kugula, bajeti, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zili choncho chifukwa kufalikira kwabwino kumabwera ndi mtengo wogulira zida zina zamawayilesi monga chowulutsira cha FM ndi tinyanga tawayilesi za FM. Chifukwa chake, TOP, pamodzi ndi kupindula kwa mlongoti, ndi zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa makamaka kumayambiriro kwa mawayilesi a wailesi, posankha mtundu ndi zida ziti zomwe zili zabwino kwambiri pa bajeti yanu.

Kutalika Kuposa Average Terrain (HAAT)

Pawayilesi, HAAT kapena EHAAT(HAAT yogwira ntchito), kapena kutalika kopitilira mtunda wapakati kumatanthawuza mtunda wofananira pakati pa malo otumizira (transmitter ndi mlongoti zikuphatikizidwa) ndi kutalika kwa mtunda pakati pa makilomita ochepa. Kuti mumvetsetse mfundo zazikuluzikulu za HAAT, munthu ayenera kudziwa kuti HAAT kwenikweni ndiyo kuphimba kwa mlongoti wowulutsa, ndi malo oyimirira a malo a antenna pamwamba pa malo ozungulira. Tiyerekeze kuti mwayimirira pamalo othamangitsidwa ndi malo oyika mlongoti, panthawiyi, inu ndi malo otumizirako muli pachigwa, ndiye kuti mlongotiyo ukhoza kufika mtunda wa makilomita khumi kuti uulutse. Ngati malo anu si omveka koma malo amapiri, mtunda wowulutsa ukhoza kufika makilomita angapo okha. HAAT imayesedwa mwalamulo m'mamita, omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse, komanso ndi mabungwe a wailesi am'madera monga Federal Communications Commission (FCC).

Izi zimatikumbutsanso kuti ngati mukufuna kupeza chivundikiro chachikulu pamene chotumizira, cholandirira, mlongoti, ndi zina zakonzeka, nthawi zonse kumbukirani kuyika mlongoti pamwamba momwe mungathere, kuti mupeze chilolezo cha 60% m'dera la Fresnel. ndikupeza mawonekedwe enieni a RF (LOS), kuphatikiza, zimathandizira kupewa zinthu zoyipa zomwe zingalepheretse kukula kwa RF, monga mitengo yowirira ndi nyumba zazitali, ndi zina zambiri.

Zina Zosasinthika

1. Kuchuluka kwachabechabe m'malo ozungulira malo a mlongoti zopinga zomwe zimazungulira malo a tinyanga, monga kuchulukana ndi kutalika kwa mitengo kapena nyumba 
2. Mtundu wa mtunda pafupi ndi malo a mlongoti yathyathyathya kapena yamapiri
3. Kusokoneza ma radiofrequency chifukwa cha ma frequency omwe amawulutsa kuchokera pafupi ndi wayilesi
4. Mitundu ya mlongoti ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dongosolo la antenna mitundu ya mlongoti ndi chingwe coaxial ntchito kuchuluka kwa chingwe cha coaxial chogwiritsidwa ntchito
5. Kukhudzika kwa wolandila FM kumbali ina
6. Mawayilesi apafupi ndi mawayilesi kapena mawayilesi ena omwe amawulutsa pafupipafupi, mwachitsanzo, mlongoti amatha kuwona mtunda wa makilomita 20, koma ngati siteshoni ina ili pamtunda womwewo wa makilomita 20, imatsekereza / kusokoneza chizindikiro.

FMUSER ikuwonetsa kuti mutha kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zosintha zosiyanasiyana ndikuyerekeza zoyeserera zingapo, mwachitsanzo, mutha:

1. Dziwani mtundu wa mlongoti (4-bay kapena 2 bays FM mlongoti ndi wabwino)
2. Tsimikizirani kutalika kwa mlongoti (mamita 30 ndiabwino kokwanira, omwe ndi ofanana ndi nyumba yankhani 15)
3. Dziwani mphamvu ya chowulutsira wailesi (mutha kusinthanso ma Watts 200 kukhala ma Watts 500, ndi mosemphanitsa).
4. Pezani masamba osiyanasiyana ngati malo otumizira (ganizirani ngati muli pamalo athyathyathya kapena amapiri kapena paphiri)
5. Jambulani mtunda wakutali kwambiri womwe mungalandire ma siginecha omveka bwino a wayilesi kuchokera komwe amatumizira
6. Sinthani zosinthika ndikufananiza ndi zomwe mumalemba.
7. Ngati muwona kuti palibe chomwe mungafune patebulo lofotokozera za ma transmitter omwe taperekedwa ndi ife, chonde tidziwitseni koyamba. FMUSER ikhoza kukuthandizani kuyerekeza momwe mawayilesi amawululira.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti: simungadziwe momwe chowulutsira chowulutsira amawululira mosasamala kanthu za mphamvu zotumizira kapena mtundu wake. Mwamwayi, mutha kupeza nthawi zonse zomwe zimaganiziridwa ndi ma transmitter amawayilesi kuchokera kwa akatswiri a RF (monga momwe tidachitira kale).

Ziwerengero zomwe zikuyerekezedwazi zimachita zinthu zenizeni - kukuthandizani kuti muganizire kawiri musanasankhe chowulutsira chabwino ndikuchepetsa mtengo kapena ndalama zosafunikira, kapena kutchulidwa bwino muzogulitsa zotsatsa kapena chithandizo chilichonse chaukadaulo pa intaneti mutagula cholumikizira cha FM.

N’zoona kuti tonsefe timadziwa kuti zimene tikuphunzirazo ndi mphunzitsi wabwino kwambiri. Kukhazikitsa chowulutsira cha FM ndikuchiyendetsa mwachindunji itha kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera chidziwitso cholondola cha wailesi ya FM.

Magulu Akuluakulu a Ma FM Radio Transmitters

Itha kugawidwa kukhala ma transmitter aukadaulo a FM ndi ma transmitters amtundu wa amateur-grade FM. Ma transmitters a FM aukadaulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamawayilesi akatswiri komanso zochitika zomwe zimafuna kumveka bwino komanso kudalirika, pomwe ma transmitters a FM amateur-grade amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo osakhala akatswiri komanso malo omwe amafunikira mawu apamwamba komanso odalirika. Kumene zofunikira zonse zimafunika. Pankhani ya njira yowulutsira, imatha kugawidwa mu stereo kuwulutsa ndi kuwulutsa kwa mono;

Malinga ndi mfundo yoyambira yoyendera ma transmitter a FM, imatha kugawidwa kukhala ma analogi FM transmitter ndi digito FM transmitter:

Digital FM transmitter

Ndi chitukuko chachangu chaukadaulo wamagetsi, makamaka ma transmitter aukadaulo a FM, ma transmitters a digito akusintha pang'onopang'ono ma transmitters a analog FM. Kusiyana pakati pa digito ndi analogi ndi kosavuta, kutengera ngati imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa pulogalamu yamapulogalamu (DSP + DDS) Design.

Digital FM transmitter ndi njira yowulutsira digito ya FM kuchokera pamawu mpaka mawayilesi. Imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamapulogalamu apawailesi kuti izindikire ma transmitter a FM. Imalandira ma siginecha amtundu wa digito (AES/EBU) kapena ma audio a analogi (otumizidwa ku A/D), kukonza ma siginecha omvera, ndi ma encoding a stereo onse amamalizidwa ndi DSP (Digital Signal processor), ndi njira yosinthira ma FM DSP imawongolera DDS (Direct Digital frequency synthesizer) kuti amalize njira yosinthira digito. Mafunde a digito a FM amasinthidwa ndi D/A kuti apange mafunde wamba a FM kuti amplifier ya RF ikulitse mphamvu yomwe yatchulidwa. Chidule cha "DSP+DDS".

Analogi FM Transmitter

Ma transmitter a analogi a FM amatha kungolandira ma audio a analogi, kukulitsa ma audio, kuchepetsa ndi kubisa kwa stereo zonse ndi analogi; makamaka, VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator) + PLL (Phase Locked Loop) imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma frequency carriers a FM, modulated Inde, njirayi ndikuwongoleranso mwachindunji varactor diode ya VCO yokhala ndi ma audio composite analogi. Mtundu woterewu ndi wosinthira wamtundu wa analogi wa FM, koma pakhoza kukhala ma LED kapena LCD digito yowonetsera ma transmitter ma frequency, koma njira yonseyi ndi analogi.