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RF Dummy Loads

RF dummy load ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chizitha kuyamwa mphamvu zama radio frequency (RF) ndikuchisintha kukhala kutentha. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyerekezera katundu pa transmitter kapena RF circuit poyesa kapena kukonza makina, osatumiza ma siginecha a RF ku chilengedwe.
 

RF dummy load imakhala ndi chinthu chotsutsa chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chifanane ndi kusakhazikika kwa dongosolo la RF lomwe likuyesedwa. Chinthu chotsutsa nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi zilonda za waya zopanda inductive mu koyilo kapena zinthu za ceramic zomwe zimakana kwambiri. Katunduyo amatsekeredwa m'madzi otentha kuti awononge mphamvu zomwe zimapangidwira mphamvu ya RF ikatengeka.

 

Zina zofananira za RF dummy load ndi monga:
 

  • RF katundu
  • Dummy katundu
  • Katundu wampweya
  • Kusintha kwa RF
  • Katundu resistor
  • Coaxial terminator
  • RF mayeso katundu
  • Ma radio frequency terminator
  • RF absorber
  • Chizindikiro choyimitsa

 
RF dummy loads ndi chida chofunikira pamakampani owulutsa chifukwa amalola owulutsa kuti ayese ndikuwongolera zida zawo popanda kutulutsa ma siginecha osafunikira a RF. Pamene zida zotumizira zimayesedwa, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti chizindikirocho chimangoperekedwa kwa omwe akuyembekezeredwa osati kupita kumalo komwe kungayambitse kusokoneza ma wayilesi ena.
 
Pamene transmitter kapena RF circuit iyesedwa ndi RF dummy load, katunduyo amatsanzira cholepheretsa chomwe chingawonetsedwe ndi antenna kapena zigawo zina za RF zolumikizidwa ndi dongosolo. Pochita zimenezi, dongosololi likhoza kuyesedwa ndi kusinthidwa popanda kwenikweni kutulutsa mphamvu iliyonse. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pogwira ntchito ndi machitidwe apamwamba amphamvu, kumene ngakhale mpweya wochepa wa mphamvu ukhoza kukhala woopsa.
 
Pakuwulutsa, zonyamula zapamwamba za RF ndizofunika kwambiri chifukwa ma siginecha amawulutsidwa ndi mphamvu zambiri. Katundu wapamwamba kwambiri wa RF amatha kuyamwa bwino mphamvu yopangidwa ndi ma siginecha amphamvu kwambiri a RF, omwe amathandiza kuti makina asatenthedwe kapena kuwononga zida.
 
Kugwiritsa ntchito RF dummy load yotsika kumatha kuyambitsa mawonedwe azizindikiro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chizindikiro chosakhazikika kapena chosokonekera. Izi zitha kubweretsa kutayika kwa data, ma siginecha otsika, kapena zovuta zina. Pawailesi yakatswiri wowulutsa, kusunga kukhulupirika kwa siginecha ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti kuwulutsa kulandiridwa ndikumveka ndi omvera.
 
Ponseponse, RF dummy katundu ndi gawo lofunikira pakuyesa ndi kuwongolera kwa RF, kupereka njira yotetezeka komanso yothandiza yotsatsira katundu wa RF pa transmitter kapena dera, katundu wapamwamba kwambiri wa RF dummy ndiofunikira pamawayilesi apawayilesi chifukwa amathandizira kuonetsetsa kufalitsa kolondola kwa ma siginecha a RF ndikuteteza zida kuti zisawonongeke.

Ndi zida zina ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi RF dummy load powulutsa?
Mukawulutsa, pali zida zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi RF dummy load. Nazi zina mwa zigawo zomwe zimakonda kwambiri:

1. Transmitter: Chopatsira ndi mtima wa makina owulutsira. Imapanga ma radio frequency siginecha yomwe imaperekedwa pa ma airwaves, ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi RF dummy load poyesa ndi kukonza.

2. Mlongoti: Mlongoti ndi gawo lomwe limawunikira chizindikiro cha RF ku chilengedwe. Imalumikizidwa ndi chowulutsira ndipo imayikidwa kuti ifalitse bwino chizindikirocho kwa omvera omwe akufuna.

3. RF fyuluta: Zosefera za RF zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa siginecha isanatumizidwe ku mlongoti, ndikuchotsa ma frequency osafunikira kapena zosokoneza zomwe mwina zidayambitsidwa panthawi yosinthira.

4. RF amplifier: Ma amplifiers a RF amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa mphamvu ya siginecha ya RF. Powulutsa, ma amplifiers a RF nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa mphamvu ya siginecha kuti athe kufikira omvera ambiri.

5. Modulator: The modulator ndi udindo encoding siginecha Audio pa wailesi frequency chonyamulira siginecha. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusinthasintha matalikidwe, ma frequency, kapena gawo la chizindikiro chonyamulira poyankha siginecha yomvera.

6. Zida zomvetsera: Zida zosinthira ma audio zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumveketsa bwino, kukweza mawu, ndi mikhalidwe ina ya siginecha yomvera isanasinthidwe pa siginecha yonyamula ya RF.

7. Magetsi: Mphamvu zamagetsi zimapereka mphamvu zamagetsi zofunikira kuti zigwiritse ntchito zida zowulutsira.

Zida zonsezi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti apange chizindikiro chapamwamba, chomveka bwino chowulutsa chomwe chingafikire anthu ambiri. RF dummy load ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuchita izi, chifukwa imalola kuyesa kotetezeka komanso kolondola komanso kukonza zida zowulutsira popanda kutumiza ma siginecha osafunika a RF ku chilengedwe.
Ndi mitundu yanji yamtundu wa RF dummy load yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito powulutsa pawailesi?
Pali mitundu ingapo ya RF dummy loads yomwe ilipo, iliyonse ili ndi mapangidwe ake apadera komanso cholinga chake. Nazi mwachidule za mitundu yodziwika kwambiri:

1. Katundu Wamabala Wawaya: Mtundu woterewu wa dummy katundu umapangidwa ndi waya wolunjika bwino mu koyilo, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu zochepa. Imapereka kuzizira kwabwino chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake otseguka, koma imatha kuvutika ndi zovuta za inductance ndi capacitance pama frequency apamwamba.

2. Carbon Composite Dummy Katundu: Mtundu uwu wa dummy katundu umapangidwa ndi zinthu zophatikizika zomwe zimakhala ndi kaboni ndi zinthu zina. Amapereka kutentha kwabwino komanso mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, koma akhoza kukhala okwera mtengo kuposa mitundu ina.

3. Mpweya Woziziritsidwa Dummy Katundu: Uwu ndi mtundu wosavuta, wotsika mtengo wa dummy katundu womwe umagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wozizira kuziziritsa chinthu chotsutsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu zochepa, ndipo amatha kukhala aphokoso komanso amatha kutentha kwambiri.

4. Mafuta Oziziritsidwa Dummy Katundu: Mtundu uwu wa dummy katundu umagwiritsa ntchito mafuta kuziziritsa chinthu chotsutsa, kupereka kutentha kwabwinoko kuposa mitundu yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mphamvu zapamwamba koma zimakhala zovuta kuzisamalira komanso kukonza.

5. Waveguide Dummy Load: Katundu wa Waveguide dummy adapangidwa kuti athetse mawonekedwe a waveguide ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina amphamvu kwambiri a microwave. Ndi zida zapadera zomwe zimapangidwira ma frequency angapo, ndipo zimatha kukhala zodula.

6. Katundu Wa Dummy Wotenthedwa ndi Mafani: Zinthu zoziziritsa kukhosi zoziziritsidwa ndi fan zimagwiritsa ntchito chofanizira kuziziritsa chinthu chodziletsa, kupereka kuziziritsa kwabwino komanso mphamvu yogwira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi apakatikati ndipo amatha kukhala okwera mtengo kuposa mitundu yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya.

Mwachidule, mtundu wa RF dummy load yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito imatengera zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, ma frequency, njira yozizirira, ndi mtengo. Zilonda zokhala ndi mawaya nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu zochepa, pomwe zoziziritsa ndi mafuta zoziziritsa kukhosi zimakhala zabwinoko pamagetsi apakatikati mpaka apamwamba. Ma Waveguide dummy loads ndi zida zapadera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, pomwe zoziziritsa mpweya ndizosavuta, zotsika mtengo pazogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa. Mtengo wa katundu wa RF dummy uwu umasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wake, ndi zitsanzo zapadera kapena zogwira ntchito kwambiri zimakhala zodula kwambiri. Kuyika zipangizozi nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuzilumikiza ku zipangizo zoyenera, pamene kukonza ndi kukonza kungaphatikizepo kuchotsa zinthu zowonongeka zowonongeka kapena kuzizira.
Ndi chiyani chomwe chimasiyana ndi katundu wocheperako komanso wamkulu wa RF?
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kachidutswa kakang'ono ka RF ndi katundu wamkulu wa RF dummy ali m'mapangidwe awo, njira zoziziritsira, mphamvu zogwirira ntchito, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Nachi kufananitsa mwatsatanetsatane:

Makhalidwe:
Katundu kakang'ono ka RF dummy nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kukula kophatikizika ndipo amapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito zotsika mphamvu. Atha kukhala ndi chilonda chawaya kapena chophatikizika cha kaboni ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpweya kapena kuziziritsa kwamadzi. Komano, katundu wamkulu wa RF dummy ndi wamkulu kwambiri ndipo amatha kunyamula mphamvu zambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena madzi ozizira ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.

ubwino:
Katundu kakang'ono ka RF dummy ali ndi mwayi wokhala wophatikizika komanso wotsika mtengo kuposa akatundu akulu akulu. Zimakhalanso zosavuta kuzigwira komanso zonyamula. Komano, katundu wamkulu wa RF dummy amatha kunyamula mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri ndipo ndi oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri monga kuwulutsa kapena kuyesa kwa RF yamakampani.

kuipa:
Zoyipa zamakanema ang'onoang'ono a RF ndi mphamvu zawo zochepa zogwirira ntchito komanso kulolerana kochepa pakusintha pafupipafupi. Zonyamula zazikulu za RF ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri, zazikulu kwambiri, ndipo zimafunikira kukonzedwanso.

Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito:
Katundu ang'onoang'ono a RF amatha kugwira mphamvu zochepa, nthawi zambiri ma watts ochepa kapena ma milliwatts. Zolemetsa zazikulu za RF, kumbali ina, zimatha kuthana ndi mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri, mpaka mazana a kilowatts.

Njira yozizira:
Njira yoziziritsira yaing'ono ya RF dummy katundu nthawi zambiri imakhala ya mpweya kapena yamadzimadzi, pomwe zonyamula zazikulu za RF nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena makina oziziritsa madzi.

mitengo:
Zonyamula zazing'ono za RF nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika mtengo kuposa zonyamula zazikulu za RF, chifukwa cha kukula kwake kocheperako komanso kutsika kwamphamvu kwamagetsi.

Mapulogalamu:
Zonyamula zazing'ono za RF nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ma labotale ndi kuyesa, pomwe zonyamula zazikulu za RF zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powulutsa, kuyesa mafakitale, kapena komwe kukufunika mphamvu zambiri.

kukula:
Zonyamula zazing'ono za RF nthawi zambiri zimakhala zophatikizika, pomwe zonyamula zazikulu za RF zimatha kukhala zazikulu ndipo zimafunikira malo ochulukirapo.

ntchito;
Katundu kakang'ono ka RF dummy amatha kutengeka mosavuta ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha pafupipafupi, pomwe zonyamula zazikulu za RF zimapangidwira ntchito zolemetsa ndipo ndizodalirika kwambiri.

Kuthamanga:
Katundu kakang'ono ka RF dummy nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma frequency angapo, pomwe zonyamula zazikulu za RF zimatha kuthana ndi ma frequency osiyanasiyana.

Kuyika ndi kukonza:
Kuyika kwazinthu zazing'ono za RF dummy nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta. Komabe, katundu wamkulu wa RF dummy amafunikira kuyika ndi kukonza mwapadera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo ovuta komanso ozizirira.

Mwachidule, zonyamula zing'onozing'ono za RF nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku labotale ndikuyesa mayeso chifukwa cha kukula kwake komanso kukwanitsa kukwanitsa, pomwe zonyamula zazikulu za RF zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwulutsa ndi kuyesa mafakitale chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zogwirira ntchito komanso mawonekedwe olimba. Katundu kakang'ono ka RF dummy nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya kapena kuziziritsa kwamadzi, pomwe zonyamula zazikulu za RF zimagwiritsa ntchito makina oziziritsa ndi madzi.
Kodi RF dummy loads imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji pazithunzi zenizeni?
RF dummy loads imakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'magawo osiyanasiyana a zamagetsi ndi mauthenga. Nazi zina mwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazambiri za RF dummy:

1. Kuyesa ndi kusanja: RF dummy katundu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ndi kuwongolera zida za RF, monga ma transmitters, amplifiers, ndi olandila. Amapereka katundu wosayatsa womwe ndi wofunikira pakuyesa zida popanda kusokoneza zida zina zoyankhulirana.

2. Manetiweki ofananira: RF dummy loads ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati maukonde ofananira poyesa magawo a RF amplifier. Amapereka katundu wotsutsa omwe angagwirizane ndi kusokoneza kwa amplifier, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ayese ntchito yake molondola.

3. Kuthetsa mavuto: RF dummy loads itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pothetsa mavuto ndi kupeza zolakwika pazida za RF. Posintha mlongoti kwakanthawi ndikunyamula dummy, mainjiniya amatha kutsimikizira ngati cholakwika chichitika mkati mwa chotumizira kapena zida zolandirira.

4. Mawayilesi owulutsa: M'malo owulutsira, RF dummy katundu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ndikukonza zida zotumizira. Amathandizira kulekanitsa jenereta ya wayilesi ndi ma transmitter kuchokera ku mlongoti ndikusunga machesi olondola.

5. Kuyesa kwa mafakitale: RF dummy katundu amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mafakitale a zida zamawayilesi, monga kuyesa tinyanga, zosefera, ndi ma waveguide.

6. Zithunzi zachipatala: Ma RF dummy loads amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zojambulira zachipatala, monga ma scanner a MRI, kuti amwe mphamvu ya RF yomwe simatengedwa ndi thupi la munthu. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kukhudzana ndi ma radiation osafunikira kwa wodwala komanso ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo.

7. Ntchito zankhondo: RF dummy katundu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazankhondo, monga kuyesa njira zoyankhulirana, radar, ndi zida zankhondo zamagetsi. Amathandizira kuwonetsetsa kuti machitidwewa akugwira ntchito moyenera ndikupewa kutulutsa kosafunikira kwa RF komwe kungasokoneze udindo wa asitikali.

8. Ogwiritsa ntchito wailesi ya Ham: RF dummy loads amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ham radio operators kuyesa ndi kusintha zipangizo zawo wailesi. Atha kuthandizira kuwonetsetsa kuti wailesi ikugwira ntchito bwino isanapange mawu aliwonse.

9. Maphunziro ndi maphunziro: RF dummy loads ndi yothandiza pamaphunziro ndi zophunzitsira pophunzira za kagwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera ndi kukonza zida za RF. Atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwonetsa chiphunzitso cha RF komanso kuphunzira za kuyesa ndi kuyesa njira.

10. Roketi Wachibwana: RF dummy katundu nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu rocketry amateur kuti zoyatsira pansi zoyesa ndi makina amagetsi asanayambe. Izi zingathandize kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya kukhazikitsa.

11. Kuyesa kwamlengalenga: RF dummy katundu atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa zakuthambo kuti ayese kutsekereza kwa tinyanga ndi zida zina za RF. Izi zimathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti zida zikuyenda bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana.

12. Kafukufuku ndi chitukuko: RF dummy loads amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza ndi chitukuko kuyesa machitidwe a zipangizo zatsopano za RF ndi matekinoloje. Atha kuthandizira kuzindikira kuthekera kwa kusokonezedwa kwa RF, kusagwira ntchito bwino, kapena zovuta zina zomwe zingabuke.

Mwachidule, RF dummy loads ili ndi ntchito zambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana a zamagetsi ndi mauthenga. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa ndikuwongolera zida za RF, kuthetsa mavuto, kufananiza maukonde, mawayilesi owulutsa, kuyesa kwa mafakitale, kulingalira zamankhwala, ndi ntchito zankhondo, ndi zina zambiri.
Kupatula kunyamula katundu, ndi zida zina ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makina owulutsira mawu?
Kupanga makina owonera wailesi yakanema pamawayilesi owulutsira kumafuna zambiri kuposa kungonyamula RF dummy. Nazi zigawo zomwe zimafunika kuti pulogalamu yathunthu yowulutsira pawailesi:

1. Nsanja ya mlongoti: Pamafunika nsanja kuti muyike mlongoti pamalo okwera kwambiri kuti atsimikizire kuti pali malo ambiri.

2. Mlongoti: Mlongoti umayang'anira kutulutsa siginecha yowulutsa kumadera ozungulira. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tinyanga imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutengera ma frequency band ndi mtundu wowulutsa.

3. Mzere wotumizira: Mzere wotumizira umagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza cholumikizira ku mlongoti. Mzere wotumizira uyenera kusankhidwa mosamala kuti uchepetse kutaya pamtunda wofunikira.

4. Transmitter: Transmitter imapanga chizindikiro cha RF chomwe chimatumizidwa ku antenna. Chotumiziracho chiyenera kuyendetsedwa mkati mwa ndondomeko ya mlongoti ndi chingwe chotumizira kuti zisawonongeke.

5. Chochunira mlongoti: Chochunira cha mlongoti chingafunike kuti chifanane ndi kutsekeka kwa cholumikizira ndi kutsekeka kwa mlongoti kuti ugwire bwino ntchito.

6. Chitetezo cha mphezi: Mphezi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chingwe chotumizira, nsanja, ndi zigawo zina za dongosolo la antenna. Zopondereza ma Surge ndi zida zina zoteteza mphezi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza kuwonongeka.

7. Dongosolo la pansi: Dongosolo loyika pansi likufunika kuti muteteze ku kugunda kwa mphezi, kutulutsa kosasunthika, ndi zochitika zina zamagetsi. Dongosolo loyika pansi liyenera kupangidwa ndikuyikidwa kuti lichepetse kusokoneza kachitidwe ka mlongoti.

8. Dongosolo lakutali ndi kuyang'anira: Dongosolo lakutali ndi kuwunikira limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anira patali ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito amtundu wa antenna, kuphatikiza mphamvu ya transmitter, mtundu wamawu, ndi magawo ena ofunikira.

9. Magetsi: Mphamvu yamagetsi imafunika kuti ipereke mphamvu yamagetsi ku transmitter, makina owongolera akutali, ndi zigawo zina za dongosolo la mlongoti.

10. Audio console/chosakaniza: Audio console/mixer imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusakaniza ndikuwongolera ma audio pamapulogalamu omwe aziwulutsidwa pawailesi. Zomvera zitha kudyetsedwa mu chosakanizira kuchokera kumagwero osiyanasiyana, monga maikolofoni, zojambulidwa kale, mizere ya foni, ndi ma feed akunja.

11. Maikolofoni: Maikolofoni owulutsa bwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula zolankhula ndi zina zomwe zidzaulutsidwe pa wayilesi.

12. Digital audio workstation (DAW)/audio editing software: Pulogalamu ya DAW imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga ndikusintha zomvera kuti ziulutsidwe. Pulogalamuyi itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito posunga zomvera ndikusunga.

13. Mafoni apakati: Mafoni olumikizirana ndi telefoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulola talente yapamlengalenga kuyimba mafoni obwera kuchokera kwa omvera. Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira kuyimba, kusakaniza mafoni omwe akubwera ndi pulogalamuyo, ndi ntchito zina.

14. Makina omvera: Ma processor a audio amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhathamiritsa mtundu wamawu wa siginecha yowulutsa. Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera milingo, kusanja, kuponderezana, ndi njira zina zomvera.

15. RDS encoder: Encoder ya Radio Data System (RDS) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika deta mu siginecha yowulutsa. Izi zitha kuphatikiza zambiri zamasiteshoni, mitu yanyimbo, ndi zina zofunika zomwe zitha kuwonetsedwa pawayilesi omwe ali ndi RDS.

16. Mapulogalamu odzipangira okha: Mapulogalamu odzipangira okha atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zomwe zidajambulidwa kale komanso zotsatsa kuti ziziseweredwa zokha panthawi zina.

17. Makina owonetsera okha: Dongosolo lokhalokha lawayilesi limayang'anira kukonza ndi kusewerera mafayilo amawu, komanso makina opangidwa pawailesi.

18. Njira yosungira nyimbo ndi kutumiza: Dongosololi limagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga ndi kutumiza mafayilo amawu omwe adzagwiritsidwe ntchito powulutsa.

19. Makina apakompyuta a Newsroom (NCS): NCS imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gulu lankhani kulemba, kusintha, ndi kugawa nkhani ku gulu lopanga mapulogalamu.

Mwachidule, makina athunthu owulutsa pawayilesi amafunikira zigawo zingapo kuwonjezera pa RF dummy load. Nsanja ya mlongoti, mlongoti, chingwe chotumizira, chotumizira, chochunira cha mlongoti, chitetezo cha mphezi, njira yokhazikitsira pansi, njira yoyendetsera kutali ndi kuyang'anira, ndi magetsi ndi zinthu zonse zofunika kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zikugwira bwino ntchito komanso moyo wautali wa dongosolo. Pamodzi, zigawozi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kupanga ndi kugawa mapulogalamu apamwamba a wailesi. Ndiwofunikira pakumanga wailesi yathunthu yawayilesi yomwe imatha kupereka zopatsa chidwi komanso zodziwitsa omvera.
Kodi mawu akuti RF dummy load ndi ati?
Nawa ma terminologies wamba okhudzana ndi RF dummy load.

1. RF Dummy Katundu: RF dummy load ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyerekezera kukhalapo kwa mlongoti wogwira ntchito pamawayilesi apawailesi. Amapangidwa kuti azitha kuyamwa mphamvu zonse kuchokera ku transmitter popanda kuwunikira mphamvuyo ngati chizindikiro chamagetsi.

2. Mafupipafupi osiyanasiyana: Ma frequency osiyanasiyana amatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa ma frequency omwe dummy load idapangidwa kuti igwire ntchito. Ndikofunikira kusankha dummy load yomwe ingathe kuthana ndi ma frequency angapo a dongosolo lomwe lidzagwiritsidwe ntchito.

3. Mulingo wa Mphamvu: Mphamvu yamphamvu ya dummy katundu ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yomwe imatha kutha popanda kuwonongeka. Izi zimatchulidwa mu watts ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri posankha dummy load. Kusankha dummy load yokhala ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito kumatha kuwononga kapena kulephera.

4. Kusakhulupirika: Impedans ndi muyeso wa kutsutsa kwa dera kumayendedwe a alternating current. Kulepheretsa kwa dummy load nthawi zambiri kumafanana ndi kulepheretsa kwa transmitter kapena makina omwe adzagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti achepetse zowunikira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino.

5. VSWR: VSWR imayimira Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ndipo ndi muyeso wa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zowonekera mumzere wotumizira. VSWR yapamwamba imatha kuwonetsa kusagwirizana pakati pa kulepheretsa kwa transmitter ndi kutsekeka kwa dummy load, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa transmitter.

6. Mtundu Wolumikizira: Mtundu wolumikizira umatanthawuza mtundu wa cholumikizira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza dummy katundu ku dongosolo. Mtundu wolumikizira uyenera kufanana ndi mtundu wa cholumikizira womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dongosolo kuti zitsimikizire kulumikizana koyenera ndi ntchito.

7. Kutaya: Izi zikutanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatayidwa kapena kutengedwa ndi dummy load. Ndikofunikira kusankha dummy katundu ndi mlingo woyenera dissipation kupewa kutenthedwa kapena kuwonongeka.

8. Kutentha kwapakati: Izi zikutanthauza kusintha kwa kukana kwa dummy load pamene kutentha kwake kumasintha. Ndikofunikira kusankha dummy katundu wokhala ndi kutentha kochepa kwa ntchito zomwe zimafuna ntchito yolondola komanso yokhazikika.

9. Zomangamanga: Kumanga kwa dummy load kungakhudze kagwiridwe kake ndi kulimba kwake. Katundu wa dummy nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu monga ceramic, carbon, kapena madzi, ndipo amatha kutsekedwa muzitsulo kapena pulasitiki. Kusankha dummy katundu ndi zomangamanga zogwirizana ndi chilengedwe ndi ntchito kungathandize kuonetsetsa kudalirika kwa nthawi yaitali.

10. Kutayika Kwawo: Mawuwa amatanthauza kutayika kwa mphamvu ya chizindikiro komwe kumachitika pamene chigawo china chilowetsedwe mu mzere wotumizira. Kutayika kwakukulu kolowetsa kungasonyeze kusagwirizana kapena kusagwira ntchito mu dummy load, zomwe zingachepetse ntchito yonse ya dongosolo.

11. Kulondola: Kulondola kwa katundu wa dummy kumatanthawuza momwe amapangiranso kutsekeka ndi mawonekedwe ena a mlongoti weniweni. Kusankha dummy katundu molondola kwambiri kungathandize kuonetsetsa kuti dongosolo likuchita monga momwe amayembekezera komanso kuti miyeso ndi yodalirika.

12. Chiwonetsero cha Coefficient: Chiwonetsero cha coefficient chimafotokoza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimawonekera kuchokera ku dummy load. Coefficient yowonetsera yotsika ndiyofunika kuti igwire bwino ntchito.

13. SWR: SWR kapena Standing Wave Ratio ndi liwu lina la VSWR ndipo ndi muyeso wa momwe kulumikizidwa kwa chingwe chotumizira kumayenderana ndi katundu. Kukwera kwa SWR kumawonetsa kusagwirizana ndipo kungayambitse kuwunikira kosafunika komanso kutayika kwa ma sign.

14. Nthawi Zonse: Kukhazikika kwa nthawi ndi muyeso wa momwe dummy katundu amachotsera kutentha. Zimawerengedwa pogawa mphamvu ya kutentha kwa chipangizocho ndi kutentha kwa kutentha. Kutsika kwanthawi kochepa kumawonetsa kuti dummy load imatha kunyamula mphamvu zambiri kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kutenthedwa.

15. Kutentha kwa Phokoso: Kutentha kwa phokoso la dummy load ndi muyeso wa phokoso lotentha lopangidwa ndi chipangizocho. Ndikofunikira kusankha dummy katundu wocheperako pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira chidwi chachikulu.

16. Kuwongolera: Calibration ndi njira yosinthira dummy katundu kuti agwirizane ndi zosokoneza ndi zina zamakina omwe adzagwiritse ntchito. Kulinganiza koyenera kungathandize kuonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ikuyenda bwino komanso kuchepetsa zolakwika mumiyeso.

Ponseponse, kusankha koyenera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito RF dummy load ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti ma radio frequency akuyenda bwino komanso otetezeka. Kumvetsetsa ma terminologies okhudzana ndi katundu wa dummy kungathandize posankha dummy load yoyenera pa ntchito inayake.
Kodi zofunika kwambiri za RF dummy load ndi ziti?
Zofunikira kwambiri zakuthupi ndi za RF za RF dummy load ndi:

1. Kukula kwathupi ndi kulemera kwake: Kukula ndi kulemera kwa dummy katundu kungakhudze kagwiridwe kake ndi kukhazikitsa. Kusankha dummy load yomwe ili ndi kukula koyenera ndi kulemera kwa dongosolo lomwe lidzagwiritsidwe ntchito kungapangitse kuti zikhale zosavuta kuphatikizira mukukonzekera kwathunthu.

2. Mphamvu yogwira: Mafotokozedwewa amafotokoza kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu komwe dummy load ingagwire bwino. Ndikofunikira kusankha dummy load yomwe imatha kuthana ndi mphamvu zamakina zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zipewe kuwonongeka kapena kulephera.

3. Kusiyanasiyana: Ma frequency osiyanasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma frequency omwe dummy load ingapereke mafananidwe ovomerezeka ndi impedance ya system. Kusankha dummy load yokhala ndi ma frequency angapo omwe amaphimba ma frequency omwe amafunidwa pamakina ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kugwira ntchito moyenera.

4. Kufananiza kwa Impedans: Kulepheretsa kwa dummy load kuyenera kufanana ndi kulepheretsa kwa dongosololi momwe zingathere kuti muchepetse kuwonetsera ndikuonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ikugwira ntchito bwino.

5. VSWR: VSWR yotsika ikuwonetsa kuti dummy katunduyo amagwirizana bwino ndi makinawo ndipo amatenga kapena kuwononga mphamvu moyenera. VSWR yapamwamba imatha kuwonetsa kuti kutsekeka kwa dummy load sikufanana ndi dongosolo, zomwe zingayambitse kuwunikira kosafunika ndi kutayika kwa ma sign.

6. Mtundu wa cholumikizira: Ndikofunika kusankha dummy katundu ndi mtundu wolondola wolumikizira dongosolo lomwe lidzagwiritsidwe ntchito. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti kulumikizana ndi kotetezeka komanso kuti dummy load imagwira ntchito monga momwe zikuyembekezeredwa.

7. Zomangamanga: Kupanga dummy load kungakhudze kukhazikika kwake ndi kagwiridwe kake. Kusankha dummy load yomwe imamangidwa kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za dongosolo ndi chilengedwe kungatsimikizire moyo wautali komanso wodalirika wautumiki.

Ponseponse, kusankha RF dummy katundu wokhala ndi mawonekedwe oyenera akuthupi ndi ma RF ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kugwira ntchito moyenera ndikupewa kuwonongeka kapena kulephera kwadongosolo.
Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji RF dummy katundu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamawayilesi?
Kusankhidwa kwa RF dummy load pamawayilesi owulutsa kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera ma frequency, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, ndi zofunikira pamakina. Nazi kusiyana ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi RF dummy katundu pamawayilesi osiyanasiyana owulutsa:

1. Malo Oulutsira UHF: Ma UHF dummy katundu adapangidwa kuti azigwira ma frequency apamwamba komanso mphamvu zamagetsi kuposa anzawo a VHF. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono komanso zophatikizika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuziyika ndikuzigwira m'malo olimba. Ma UHF dummy loads amapereka ntchito zabwino kwambiri komanso zolondola, koma kukula kwawo kochepa komanso mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu zimatha kuwapangitsa kukhala okwera mtengo.

2. Malo Oulutsira a VHF: VHF dummy katundu adapangidwa kuti azigwira ma frequency otsika ndi milingo yamphamvu kuposa katundu wa UHF dummy. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu komanso zolemera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuziyika ndikuzigwira. Katundu wa VHF dummy amapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso olondola, koma kukula kwawo kwakukulu komanso kutsika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kumatha kuwapangitsa kukhala otsika mtengo.

3. Makanema apa TV: Katundu wamadummy pamawayilesi apawayilesi apa TV adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zimafunikira pakuwulutsa pawailesi yakanema. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu komanso zolemera, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya kuti zigwirizane ndi mphamvu zapamwamba. Katundu wamakanema a TV amapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri komanso olondola, koma kukula kwawo kwakukulu komanso mphamvu zawo zapamwamba zitha kuwapangitsa kukhala okwera mtengo.

4. AM Broadcast Station: Katundu wa Dummy pamawayilesi owulutsa a AM adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito zamphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamawayilesi a AM. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu komanso zolemera, ndipo zimatha kuziziritsidwa ndi mpweya kapena madzi kuti zithetse kutentha kopangidwa ndi mphamvu zambiri. Katundu wa AM dummy amapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso olondola, koma kukula kwawo kwakukulu komanso mphamvu zake zapamwamba zitha kuwapangitsa kukhala okwera mtengo.

5. Mawayilesi a FM: Katundu wama Dummy pamawayilesi owulutsa a FM adapangidwa kuti azitha kuyendetsa mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamawayilesi a FM. Nthawi zambiri ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso ophatikizika kwambiri kuposa katundu wa AM dummy, koma amapereka magwiridwe antchito komanso olondola. Katundu wama dummy a FM nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika mtengo kuposa katundu wa AM dummy.

Pankhani ya kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza, mitundu yonse ya katundu wa dummy imafuna kukhazikitsidwa koyenera komanso kukonza nthawi zonse kuti zitsimikizire kugwira ntchito kodalirika. Kutengera ndi mtundu ndi kukula kwa dummy katundu, kukonzanso kungafunike kuchitidwa ndi akatswiri ophunzitsidwa ndi zida zapadera.

Ponseponse, kusankha RF dummy load yoyenera pawailesi yowulutsira kumafuna kuganizira zinthu monga pafupipafupi, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, zofunikira pamakina, kukhazikitsa, ndi kukonza. Mtundu uliwonse wa dummy katundu uli ndi ubwino wake ndi kuipa kwake, ndipo mtengo ukhoza kusiyana malinga ndi kukula, mphamvu, ndi ntchito. Pamapeto pake, kusankha dummy katundu wabwino kwambiri pa pulogalamu inayake zimatengera zosowa ndi zofunikira za wayilesi.
Momwe mungasankhire katundu wa RF dummy wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamawayilesi?
Kuti musankhe RF dummy load yabwino kwambiri pawailesi yowulutsa pawailesi, ndikofunikira kuganizira zamagulu ndi mafotokozedwe okhudzana ndi wayilesiyo. Nazi zina zofunika kuziganizira:

1. Kusiyanasiyana: Wailesi iliyonse yowulutsira imagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kusankha dummy load yokhala ndi ma frequency angapo omwe amafanana ndi ma frequency a system kuti muwonetsetse kufananiza koyenera kwa impedance ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa ma sign.

2. Mphamvu yogwira: Mawayilesi osiyanasiyana amafunikira mphamvu zosiyanasiyana, ndipo izi zitha kukhudza kusankha kwa dummy load. Ndikofunikira kusankha dummy katundu ndi mphamvu akugwira mlingo kuti chikufanana chofunika mphamvu mlingo wa wailesi wailesi.

3. Kusokoneza / VSWR: Kufananiza kwa Impedans ndikofunikira pakugwira ntchito moyenera komanso kodalirika pamawu owulutsa. Ndikofunika kusankha dummy katundu ndi impedance yofananira yomwe ikugwirizana ndi chingwe chotumizira ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dongosolo. Kutsika kwa VSWR kukuwonetsa kuti kufananiza kwa impedance ndikwabwino.

4. Kukula kwathupi: Kukula kwa thupi ndi kulemera kwa dummy katundu kungakhale kofunikira, makamaka pakuyika komwe kuli ndi malo ochepa kapena zoletsa zolemetsa. Ndikofunikira kusankha dummy katundu ndi kukula ndi kulemera kuti mosavuta anaika ndi kugwiridwa mu wailesi wailesi.

5. Zomangamanga: Zonyamula zida zimatha kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga ceramic kapena kaboni. Kusankhidwa kwa zomangamanga kungakhudze kulimba ndi kusamalira dummy katundu. Kusankha dummy katundu ndi zomangamanga zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ntchito ndi zosowa zachilengedwe zimatha kutsimikizira kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali.

6. Wozizilitsa: Njira yozizira ikhoza kukhala yofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Zonyamula zina zimafuna kuziziritsa kwa mpweya kapena madzi, zomwe zingakhudze kuyika, kukonza, ndi mtengo wadongosolo.

7. Mtundu wa cholumikizira: Kusankha dummy load yokhala ndi cholumikizira cholondola kutha kutsimikizira kuyika koyenera komanso kugwira ntchito kodalirika kwa njira yowulutsira.

Ponseponse, kusankha RF dummy load yoyenera pawailesi yowulutsira kumafuna kuwunika mosamalitsa zamagulu ndi mafotokozedwe a wayilesiyo. Poganizira zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, mutha kusankha dummy katundu yemwe amagwirizana bwino ndi dongosolo ndi chilengedwe, ndipo amaonetsetsa kuti dongosololi likugwira ntchito moyenera komanso lodalirika.
Kodi RF dummy load imapangidwa bwanji ndikuyika kuti iulutsidwe?
Kupanga ndi kukhazikitsa kwa RF dummy load pawailesi yowulutsira zitha kugawidwa m'njira zingapo:

1. Kupanga ndi Kupanga: Gawo loyamba popanga katundu wa RF dummy ndi mapangidwe ndi kupanga katunduyo. Mapangidwe ake nthawi zambiri amatengera kuchuluka kwa ma frequency, mulingo wa mphamvu, komanso zofunikira zapawayilesi. Panthawi yopanga, zigawo za dummy load zimasonkhanitsidwa ndikuyesedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino.

2. Kuyesa ndi Chitsimikizo: Dummy load ikapangidwa, imayesedwa kuti iwonetsetse kuti ikukwaniritsa zofunikira pa pulogalamu yowulutsa. Dummy load ingafunike kutsimikiziridwa ndi mabungwe olamulira, monga FCC ku United States, isanagwiritsidwe ntchito pawailesi yakanema.

3. Kupaka ndi Kutumiza: Dummy load ikayesedwa ndikutsimikiziridwa, imapakidwa ndikutumizidwa ku wayilesi. Phukusili limaphatikizapo katundu wa dummy, pamodzi ndi malangizo aliwonse ofunikira oyika ndi zowonjezera.

4. Kuyika ndi kuphatikiza: Dummy load imayikidwa mu pulogalamu yowulutsa molingana ndi malangizo oyika. Nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi chingwe chotumizira kapena zida pogwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira choyenera. Zofananira zofananira ndi VSWR zimasinthidwa mosamala kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito awayilesi.

5. Kusamalira ndi Kukonza: Pambuyo poyika dummy load, imafunika kukonzedwa pafupipafupi kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino. Izi zikuphatikiza kuyang'ana zofananira ndi VSWR, kuyang'ana dummy katundu kuti awonongeke kapena kutha, ndikuyeretsa kapena kusintha zinthu zilizonse ngati pakufunika. Pakawonongeka kapena kulephera, dummy katundu angafunikire kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa.

Ponseponse, njira yopangira ndikuyika RF dummy load pawailesi yowulutsira imakhudza kapangidwe kake, kupanga, kuyesa, kutsimikizira, kuyika, kutumiza, kukhazikitsa, ndi kukonza. Potsatira njirazi, njira youlutsira yodalirika komanso yodalirika ikhoza kukwaniritsidwa.
Momwe mungasungire katundu wa RF dummy molondola?
Kusunga RF dummy katundu pawailesi yowulutsira ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti makina owulutsa akuyenda bwino. Nazi njira zina zosungitsira bwino RF dummy load:

1. Kuyang'ana m'maso: Kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa dummy load kungathandize kuzindikira kuwonongeka kulikonse, kuvala, kapena zovuta zina zomwe zingakhudze magwiridwe ake. Yang'anani zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa thupi, monga ming'alu kapena zopindika, ndipo fufuzani ngati pali kugwirizana kulikonse kapena zizindikiro za dzimbiri.

2. Macheke a Impedance ndi VSWR: Yang'anani kufananiza kosagwirizana ndi VSWR ya dummy katundu pafupipafupi. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi network analyzer kapena antenna analyzer. VSWR yokwera imatha kuwonetsa kufananiza kosakwanira, komwe kungayambitse kusinkhasinkha ndi kutayika kwa ma sign.

3. Kuyeretsa: Dummy katundu akhoza kusonkhanitsa fumbi, dothi, ndi zonyansa zina, zomwe zingakhudze ntchito yake. Nthawi zonse yeretsani pamwamba pa dummy katundu ndi nsalu youma kapena burashi, kapena gwiritsani ntchito zotsukira pang'ono ngati kuli kofunikira.

4. Kukonza zomata: Yang'anani zolumikizira ndi zolumikizira ku dummy load, monga zingwe ndi ma adapter, kuti muwonetsetse kuti ndizoyera komanso zikugwira ntchito bwino. Bwezeraninso zida zilizonse zotha kapena zowonongeka ngati pakufunika.

5. Dongosolo lozizira: Ngati dummy load ili ndi njira yozizira, monga mpweya kapena madzi ozizira, yang'anani dongosolo nthawi zonse kuti muwonetsetse kuti likugwira ntchito bwino. Bwezerani zinthu zilizonse zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka, ndikuyeretsani zosefera zilizonse kapena zipsepse zoziziritsa ngati kuli kofunikira.

6. Kuwongolera: Nthawi ndi nthawi sankhani katundu wa dummy malinga ndi zomwe wopanga akufuna. Izi zitha kuphatikiza kusintha kotsekereza kapena VSWR, kapena kutsimikizira mphamvu zonyamula katundu.

Poyang'ana pafupipafupi, kuyeretsa, ndikuwongolera katundu wa RF dummy, mutha kuwonetsetsa kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino ndikupewa zovuta zilizonse zomwe zingakhudze magwiridwe antchito awayilesi.
Momwe mungakonzere RF dummy load ngati ikulephera kugwira ntchito?
Ngati RF dummy load ikalephera kugwira ntchito, ingafunike kukonza kapena kusinthidwa. Nazi njira zina zokonzetsera dummy load:

1. Dziwani vuto: Gawo loyamba pakukonza dummy load ndikuzindikira chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli. Izi zitha kuphatikiza kuyesa katunduyo ndi makina osanthula ma netiweki kapena zida zina zoyezera kuti muwone ngati pali zovuta zilizonse zokhudzana ndi kufananiza, VSWR, kapena mphamvu zogwirira ntchito.

2. Chotsani katundu wa dummy: Ngati dummy load ikufunika kukonzedwa, iyenera kuchotsedwa panjira yowulutsira. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira njira zilizonse zotetezera pochotsa katunduyo.

3. Onani zowonongeka: Dummy load ikachotsedwa, yang'anani ngati ili ndi zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka, monga ming'alu, zopindika, kapena zizindikiro za dzimbiri.

4. Bwezerani zinthu zowonongeka: Ngati zigawo zilizonse za dummy load zawonongeka, ziyenera kusinthidwa. Izi zitha kuphatikiza kusintha ma resistors, capacitors, kapena zida zina zamkati.

5. Sonkhanitsaninso: Zomwe zidawonongeka zitasinthidwa, phatikizaninso dummy katunduyo mosamala, kuonetsetsa kuti zolumikizira zonse ndi zomata zimalumikizidwa bwino.

6. Ikaninso: Pambuyo pokonza dummy katundu, yikaninso mu pulogalamu yowulutsa ndikuyesa magwiridwe ake kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino. Yang'anani kufananiza kwa ma impedance, VSWR, ndi mphamvu zogwirira ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuti zili mkati mwazofunikira.

Ngati dummy katundu sangathe kukonzedwa kapena sangathe kukonzedwa, iyenera kusinthidwa. Nthawi zina, mtengo ndi khama zomwe zimakhudzidwa pokonzanso dummy katundu zingapangitse m'malo kukhala njira yothandiza kwambiri.

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